Today I am going to talk about the TED video by Denis Dutton.
Main Topic
In the video, he is talking about the beauty.
His research question is why people have the beauty in their mind.
He finds its answer in a Darwinian theory of beauty.
As it is known, Darwin is famous for theory of natural selection.
However what he want to mention is the other theory called sexual selection.
He says that the sexual selection is main cause for the beauty.
Reaction
I think what he is talking about is interesting idea.
It cannot be doubted that all people feel beauty to many things, such as landscapes, musics, movies, arts, pictures, and etc.
Also what he did in this video is Critical Thinking!!
He doubted the value and belief all people have. The beauty is one of the common idea that all people have in this world. However no one doubted why we have such idea. At this point he did critical thinking and tried to find the origin of the beauty. I was very excited to notice this truth and I was impressed to find the importance of the critical thinking.
Sunday, January 23, 2011
Monday, January 17, 2011
Critical Reaction from Shannon and Morioka Article
Today, I am going to do homework I missed. Anyway, I think this helps to review the old readings, which are Shannon and Morioka Article.
I will try to summary for their idea and also answer questions given.
First, about Shannon, there is ethical theory.
It is the process to justify a particular ethical decision.
* Consequentialism -Considering the consequences of various answers.
* Dentologism-Specifying obligations or moral duties. (Look at duty)
* Rights Ethics- Depend on society's rights or moral claims.
* Intuitionism- Appealing to one's intuition. Depend on person's moral sense.
Second, ethical terms are introduced in Shannon article.
It is the basic term used in bioethical discussions.
* Autonomy- A form of personal liberty of action that is the individual determines a course of action.
* Nonmaleficence- Not to harm others by mentally and directly. Also, do not make a risk.
* Beneficence- Give opportunity to others, but it is depend on them to use.
* Justice- Comparative Justice is for balancing the groups or other individuals.
Noncomparative Justice is for individuals
* Informed Consent- Patients can discuss value implications of treatments or clarify what is important for them.
* Paternalism- Action is active but not requested from individual.
* Rights- Moral rights, Legal rights. Positive right
Third, about Morioka Article, this can be separated in two section.
Main Points- Illustrating how the Japanese have responded to newly imported bioethical ideas by examining their discourse on brain and patient's rights.
Section 1- History of events (Back ground Info).
- Heart transplantation=taboo in Japan. Are there some reasons?
Section 2- Paternalistic behavior (Close-door medicine) is wide spread. Refusing to disclose info.
- No Informed consents, patients' right, self determine.
Section 3- One of the reason is cultural factor.
- Japanese people have the belief that is related to human's body and soul. They think their dead body still have souls to next world. So they should keep body perfectly. (Animism and Confucianism) On the other hand, Americans think traditional western notions of mind-body dualism.
Section 4- Analyzing section for future Japan.
- Paternalistic medical customs have changed.
- Gaps because of Western technique but Chinese Spirit.
- Keep only important things form Western and China.
a) Will you donate your own organs?
I will donate my organs in case of brain death or death from heart failure.
Those two cases are unavoidable death.
Because of consequentialism, the other person will survive. (Shanon)
Because of western notions of mind-body dualism. (Morioka)
Because of human's rights. (Shanon and Morioka)
b) Would you allow your parents to decide if you were brain death? Also, would you donate the organs of your young child?
First, I think I will allow my parents to donate my organs because I think when I am dead, I will not concern about it. Whatever will haven is ok for me. Second, I will not donate the organs of my child because I do not want give my child to anyone. So I will not accept in that case.
I will try to summary for their idea and also answer questions given.
First, about Shannon, there is ethical theory.
It is the process to justify a particular ethical decision.
* Consequentialism -Considering the consequences of various answers.
* Dentologism-Specifying obligations or moral duties. (Look at duty)
* Rights Ethics- Depend on society's rights or moral claims.
* Intuitionism- Appealing to one's intuition. Depend on person's moral sense.
Second, ethical terms are introduced in Shannon article.
It is the basic term used in bioethical discussions.
* Autonomy- A form of personal liberty of action that is the individual determines a course of action.
* Nonmaleficence- Not to harm others by mentally and directly. Also, do not make a risk.
* Beneficence- Give opportunity to others, but it is depend on them to use.
* Justice- Comparative Justice is for balancing the groups or other individuals.
Noncomparative Justice is for individuals
* Informed Consent- Patients can discuss value implications of treatments or clarify what is important for them.
* Paternalism- Action is active but not requested from individual.
* Rights- Moral rights, Legal rights. Positive right
Third, about Morioka Article, this can be separated in two section.
Main Points- Illustrating how the Japanese have responded to newly imported bioethical ideas by examining their discourse on brain and patient's rights.
Section 1- History of events (Back ground Info).
- Heart transplantation=taboo in Japan. Are there some reasons?
Section 2- Paternalistic behavior (Close-door medicine) is wide spread. Refusing to disclose info.
- No Informed consents, patients' right, self determine.
Section 3- One of the reason is cultural factor.
- Japanese people have the belief that is related to human's body and soul. They think their dead body still have souls to next world. So they should keep body perfectly. (Animism and Confucianism) On the other hand, Americans think traditional western notions of mind-body dualism.
Section 4- Analyzing section for future Japan.
- Paternalistic medical customs have changed.
- Gaps because of Western technique but Chinese Spirit.
- Keep only important things form Western and China.
a) Will you donate your own organs?
I will donate my organs in case of brain death or death from heart failure.
Those two cases are unavoidable death.
Because of consequentialism, the other person will survive. (Shanon)
Because of western notions of mind-body dualism. (Morioka)
Because of human's rights. (Shanon and Morioka)
b) Would you allow your parents to decide if you were brain death? Also, would you donate the organs of your young child?
First, I think I will allow my parents to donate my organs because I think when I am dead, I will not concern about it. Whatever will haven is ok for me. Second, I will not donate the organs of my child because I do not want give my child to anyone. So I will not accept in that case.
Sunday, January 16, 2011
Opinion Essay about Cloning
Opinion Essay: In the future, if the technology is 100% safe, should human cloning be allowed in Japan? For example, if Mark wants to make a "Mark clone" for his baby, should I be allowed to do so or not?
In the future, the human cloning should be allowed if the technology is 100% safe.
There are three benefits for that: 1) it will give opportunity for people who can not have the baby, such as a gay couple, 2) it will be the one of the solution for a decrease in the number of children due to a lower birthrate, 3) it will help people who wants organ transplants.
First, it will give opportunity for gay couples and lesbians to have the baby by cloning. Now, it is impossible for them to make babies by normal way as male and female do. Technically, the cloning enables them to have their own babies. For example it is impossible for the present surrogacy to have the baby who has two gens of farther. However the cloning can produce the baby who has two mixture of gens from gay couples or lesbians. Therefore the cloning give opportunity for them to have a baby in different way.
Second, it will be the one of the solution for a decrease in the number of children due to a lower birthrate in Japan. Today, the problem of decreasing the number of children is the Japanese crisis. One of the reason for this problem is the decreasing number of engagement. This can be explained "Nikusyoku" or "Syosyoku" male. Also it is said that this crisis effects the economy in the future. Therefore by the cloning, it enables to make a baby without doing sex and the crisis will be overcome.
Third, it will help people who wants organ transplants. This issue is today's one of the main problem on medical science in Japan. However the cloning will solve this problem. For example by the cloning technology, it is possible to make a baby who have two same organs in body. Then one organ will give to the patient and the other organ is left in baby's body. Therefore it will help people who wants organ plants.
In conclusion, the cloning should allowed in the future because it will give opportunity for people who can not have the baby, such as a gay couple, it will be the one of the solution for a decrease in the number of children due to a lower birthrate, it will help people who wants organ transplants.
About the Gattaca
Anyway today I watched the movie about the Gattaca. This movie is really great SF movie. I was movied in the last scene. Also music is great and amazing. However this movie also give me shock about the future technology issue. We have to continue to consider about it.
In the future, the human cloning should be allowed if the technology is 100% safe.
There are three benefits for that: 1) it will give opportunity for people who can not have the baby, such as a gay couple, 2) it will be the one of the solution for a decrease in the number of children due to a lower birthrate, 3) it will help people who wants organ transplants.
First, it will give opportunity for gay couples and lesbians to have the baby by cloning. Now, it is impossible for them to make babies by normal way as male and female do. Technically, the cloning enables them to have their own babies. For example it is impossible for the present surrogacy to have the baby who has two gens of farther. However the cloning can produce the baby who has two mixture of gens from gay couples or lesbians. Therefore the cloning give opportunity for them to have a baby in different way.
Second, it will be the one of the solution for a decrease in the number of children due to a lower birthrate in Japan. Today, the problem of decreasing the number of children is the Japanese crisis. One of the reason for this problem is the decreasing number of engagement. This can be explained "Nikusyoku" or "Syosyoku" male. Also it is said that this crisis effects the economy in the future. Therefore by the cloning, it enables to make a baby without doing sex and the crisis will be overcome.
Third, it will help people who wants organ transplants. This issue is today's one of the main problem on medical science in Japan. However the cloning will solve this problem. For example by the cloning technology, it is possible to make a baby who have two same organs in body. Then one organ will give to the patient and the other organ is left in baby's body. Therefore it will help people who wants organ plants.
In conclusion, the cloning should allowed in the future because it will give opportunity for people who can not have the baby, such as a gay couple, it will be the one of the solution for a decrease in the number of children due to a lower birthrate, it will help people who wants organ transplants.
About the Gattaca
Anyway today I watched the movie about the Gattaca. This movie is really great SF movie. I was movied in the last scene. Also music is great and amazing. However this movie also give me shock about the future technology issue. We have to continue to consider about it.Friday, January 14, 2011
Recommended movie for this weekend 1/15-1/16
This week, I really recommend a movie called "Funny Game" directed by Micheal Haneke in 1997 in Australia. Simple Plot: the incident about a family.
According to my analyzing, the director wants to describe how violence is terrifying and frightening. Recent years, the Hollywood movie tend to use varieties of "violence" to make much funnier movie.
However violence itself is really terrible thing.
By watching this film, you will know that the most terrifying things in this world is "Human Being".
Data from IMDb-http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0119167/
Thursday, January 13, 2011
Critival Reaction to Fukuyama Article
INTRO
Today, I gonna discuss about the Fukuyama reading. According to my point of view, this article is about the future issue, which is mainly taking about the Genetic Engineering. Recent years, the technology has developed at high speed, such as this technology make wish of the mothers who can not have the baby. It is called surrogacy. The main topic of this essay is like that.
Should the human being design the baby before they are born?
Now I will try to discuss about this question by answering these two questions....
a) According to Fukuyama, is genetic engineering of humans likely to occur in the future? Does Fukuyama feel that technological advances can make it possible? What are the main obstacles in terms of technology and ethics? Also, what are the main dangers?
Yes, he suggests the genetic engineering of humans likely to occur in the future.
According to his points of view, in the final paragraph of this article, he says, "The second point is that even if genetic engineering on a species level remains twenty-five,fifty, or one hundred years away, it is by far the most consequential of all future developments in biotechnology." (Fukuyama 11). I think that this is the main point because he obviously recognizes that the development of the biotechnology will have the genetic engineering in the future. However he also suggests the problems and dangers for having it. There are three of them. The first is the complexity of the problem. It is the problem with the technology and the higher-order. The more people want the higher technology and perfect babies, the difficulties of order will increase as paradox. The second problem is the ethical one. Can be the human experimentation allowed? It is the destiny for any technology to do some experimentation to check its accuracy and safety for human. However, is this ethical for human being? The last problem is about the population. The genetic engineering also provides us the opportunity to change the gender of babies. However this will be danger to break the balance of male and female. Now, I will try to focus on only ethical problem. According to Fukuyama, he says in the article, "The issue of human experimentation is a serious obstacles to rapid development of genetic engineering but no means an insuperable one." (Fukuyama 9). As I mentioned before, the main issue for ethics is that it is necessary for the technology to do experimentation. Because of this, people have to experiment by using human. This is most inevitable problem. To conclude, it is the destiny for biotechnology to have the genetic engineering. However the problems will be occurred in the future.
b) What questions, critical reactions, or ideas do you want to discuss in relation to this article? Prepare two interesting discussion questions for your group and answer your own questions shortly.
What I want to discuss in relation to this article is
1) Imagine. If your parents say you are designed baby, what is your reaction to them?
How do you feel?
2) Imagine. If your friends say that they are designed babies, what is your reaction to them?
Do you have jealousy?
In my opinion, the genetic engineering have to be deliberated with the babies future who will be born with designed. Also, it is important to consider these types of problem with daily life situation.
Therefore I choose this questions.
Ps. If you have any questions or comments, fell free to write!!!!
Today, I gonna discuss about the Fukuyama reading. According to my point of view, this article is about the future issue, which is mainly taking about the Genetic Engineering. Recent years, the technology has developed at high speed, such as this technology make wish of the mothers who can not have the baby. It is called surrogacy. The main topic of this essay is like that.
Should the human being design the baby before they are born?
Now I will try to discuss about this question by answering these two questions....
a) According to Fukuyama, is genetic engineering of humans likely to occur in the future? Does Fukuyama feel that technological advances can make it possible? What are the main obstacles in terms of technology and ethics? Also, what are the main dangers?
Yes, he suggests the genetic engineering of humans likely to occur in the future.
According to his points of view, in the final paragraph of this article, he says, "The second point is that even if genetic engineering on a species level remains twenty-five,fifty, or one hundred years away, it is by far the most consequential of all future developments in biotechnology." (Fukuyama 11). I think that this is the main point because he obviously recognizes that the development of the biotechnology will have the genetic engineering in the future. However he also suggests the problems and dangers for having it. There are three of them. The first is the complexity of the problem. It is the problem with the technology and the higher-order. The more people want the higher technology and perfect babies, the difficulties of order will increase as paradox. The second problem is the ethical one. Can be the human experimentation allowed? It is the destiny for any technology to do some experimentation to check its accuracy and safety for human. However, is this ethical for human being? The last problem is about the population. The genetic engineering also provides us the opportunity to change the gender of babies. However this will be danger to break the balance of male and female. Now, I will try to focus on only ethical problem. According to Fukuyama, he says in the article, "The issue of human experimentation is a serious obstacles to rapid development of genetic engineering but no means an insuperable one." (Fukuyama 9). As I mentioned before, the main issue for ethics is that it is necessary for the technology to do experimentation. Because of this, people have to experiment by using human. This is most inevitable problem. To conclude, it is the destiny for biotechnology to have the genetic engineering. However the problems will be occurred in the future.
b) What questions, critical reactions, or ideas do you want to discuss in relation to this article? Prepare two interesting discussion questions for your group and answer your own questions shortly.
What I want to discuss in relation to this article is
1) Imagine. If your parents say you are designed baby, what is your reaction to them?
How do you feel?
2) Imagine. If your friends say that they are designed babies, what is your reaction to them?
Do you have jealousy?
In my opinion, the genetic engineering have to be deliberated with the babies future who will be born with designed. Also, it is important to consider these types of problem with daily life situation.
Therefore I choose this questions.
Ps. If you have any questions or comments, fell free to write!!!!
Saturday, January 8, 2011
Renewal
From now on my blog will renewal!!
Please check old pages that I changed and edited.
I'm gonna write and write and write about anything I want to write!!
First, I just want to say that my essay topic is too difficult!!
Death penalty is so hard to think about. I want to give up, but I have to write.
Also it is difficult to conclude idea. Idea is coming up to my head, but it is difficult to
conclude. Finally I decided to write "Why Japanese People support the death penalty?"
Is this question enough argumentative? I do not know, but I have to write......
Yesterday、I watched the "Dead Man Walking". This is really good movie, but this movie
made me more confused about the death penalty issue.Should the death penalty abolish?
This question seems to me very difficult.... but What I want to know is why so many Japanese people
support the death penalty? Don't you think it is strange that 86 percent of Japanese people support death penalty? I DO.
Please check old pages that I changed and edited.
I'm gonna write and write and write about anything I want to write!!
First, I just want to say that my essay topic is too difficult!!
Death penalty is so hard to think about. I want to give up, but I have to write.
Also it is difficult to conclude idea. Idea is coming up to my head, but it is difficult to
conclude. Finally I decided to write "Why Japanese People support the death penalty?"
Is this question enough argumentative? I do not know, but I have to write......
Yesterday、I watched the "Dead Man Walking". This is really good movie, but this movie
made me more confused about the death penalty issue.Should the death penalty abolish?
This question seems to me very difficult.... but What I want to know is why so many Japanese people
support the death penalty? Don't you think it is strange that 86 percent of Japanese people support death penalty? I DO.
Thursday, January 6, 2011
Top 5 things in 2010 and my goals in 2011
Top 5 things in 2010
1. Go to ICU
Unnecessary to say, this is my important life event. Every environment surrounding me was change.
I began to live as room share with my best friend, and also ELP began....
Mrs. Stein was so hard for first term of freshman ELP!!!
2. Join in dance club in ICU
Last year I met with dance!! It is really fun and excited.
Also, last November I performed in front of 3,000 people at Waseda University.
This is video I performed.
3. Meet my best friends at ICU
I met very memorial friends at ICU.
4. Drunk too much and puke at Musashisakai Station
This is very shocking, but very valuable experience. Drunk too much gonna make me PUKE!!
5. Mark is my last ARW teacher
This is also unnecessary to say. Mark is the most passionate English teacher I ever met!!
I enjoyed Mark's class and blog very much.
What I was most surprised is how he can write Japanese well.
I really surprised!!!
My goals in 2011
1. study hard
Last year, especially winter term, my gasoline was over and engine stopped. I became lazy and NEET. Finally, I became sick and slept for New year. So this year I am not gonna speed dash, but I will make an effort for every day by day.
2. search for life goals
I think this year is very important year for my life because I am gonna be 20 years old. I think I have to decide my future goal. I am not sure about it, but some images came up with my mind. That is teacher for high school. I am very interested in education in Japan. I do not like JYUKEN system of education. I want to change them.
Finally, this year, I will be 20 years old on April. I think I have to be adult especially mentally!!
1. Go to ICU
Unnecessary to say, this is my important life event. Every environment surrounding me was change.
I began to live as room share with my best friend, and also ELP began....
Mrs. Stein was so hard for first term of freshman ELP!!!
2. Join in dance club in ICU
Last year I met with dance!! It is really fun and excited.
Also, last November I performed in front of 3,000 people at Waseda University.
This is video I performed.
3. Meet my best friends at ICU
4. Drunk too much and puke at Musashisakai Station
This is very shocking, but very valuable experience. Drunk too much gonna make me PUKE!!
5. Mark is my last ARW teacher
This is also unnecessary to say. Mark is the most passionate English teacher I ever met!!
I enjoyed Mark's class and blog very much.
What I was most surprised is how he can write Japanese well.
I really surprised!!!
My goals in 2011
1. study hard
Last year, especially winter term, my gasoline was over and engine stopped. I became lazy and NEET. Finally, I became sick and slept for New year. So this year I am not gonna speed dash, but I will make an effort for every day by day.
2. search for life goals
I think this year is very important year for my life because I am gonna be 20 years old. I think I have to decide my future goal. I am not sure about it, but some images came up with my mind. That is teacher for high school. I am very interested in education in Japan. I do not like JYUKEN system of education. I want to change them.
Finally, this year, I will be 20 years old on April. I think I have to be adult especially mentally!!
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